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Location:

The Wayuu we are located in northern Colombia in an area of \u200b\u200b15,300 km2 in the department of La Guajira and 12,000 km2 in Zulia state of Venezuela. Our country has three climatic variations, being the highest, ie the north and east, quite dry with very few plants adapted to the desert environment. South and west, is presented more vegetation, retaining its climate characterized as semiarid.

La Guajira, mainly Wayuu territory, throughout history, it was shaping up as a land of refuge, located on the periphery of the power centers of Colombia and Venezuela. Only towards the end La Guajira nineteenth century began tenuously linked to national development processes of the two countries

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Language and People: Social Organization

97% of the population speak their traditional language is Wayuunaiki, 32% speak Castilian. About 66% have not received any formal education. The Wayuu people, according to the 1993 census, is 144,003 people which represent 20% of the indigenous people of Colombia are the largest group in Colombia. According to estimated data from Venezuela, the combined population of the two countries amounts to more than 300,000 Wayúu. The social organization is characterized by clans of which there are 24.

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While many conflicts have been resolved by force, the Wayuu present a very particular judicial system is called Suküaipa Wayúu that allows us to resolve conflicts peacefully, based on the power of words and designs and signs of the dead, which ultimately represent the earth. Before we go to war whenever we go to the Wayuu reconciliation through pütchi, ie the word. Often it is preferable for us to pay with goats Wayúu, necklaces or money, before going to war.

Because of our social organization based on clans, as Wayúu not only have had wars with other peoples, but also usually have had to the interior. In this context interclaniles wars have clearly favored by the same tribal social organization we have. We are a warrior people from the time of English colonization has used firearms, when they had no qualms Wayúu to establish partnerships with the buccaneers and privateers English, French, and especially Dutch.

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Economy:

Given the climatic conditions in the region, the lands they inhabit the Wayuu are infertile so no many facilities to survive in the same territory. The Wayuu often we mobilized by different parts of our own territory. We owe this mainly to the days of summer, that is, when we migrate very long drought, looking for water in other territories. Although in some parts grow depending on the season of rain, we are mainly pastoralists, but that it operates in parts sea salt, some are fishermen and in the last fifty years an increasing number of people have dedicated Wayúu informal trade smuggling in the Colombian-Venezuelan border.

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Jiere The role of the woman Wayúu

Within our culture, women play a very important role. Unlike other villages, women have certain privileges that are clearly influenced. In the first instance, our culture is strictly matrilineal, which means that for our design, the children are flesh and blood where they breed. In our traditional language, we call eirruku, meaning flesh. It is the clan of the mother and children inherited the maternal family is with whom to breed. The woman is then Wayúu consulting, executing and transmission of culture as well as active and independent, socially and politically.

Our work is based on traditional weaving and pottery, the latter being on a smaller scale. We continue to maintain beautiful traditional designs when producing hammocks, backpacks and some accessories that accompany our traditional dresses called blankets. Since a majayüt ie Miss, enters puberty, he learns to defend itself, always under the supervision of her grandmother, mother and even some aunts on the mother.

These parameters allow us as women have a higher level of participation and decision making within our communities and outside of them. Today, not only in the Cabildo Wayuu Nouna Camp but in other communities, we are the women who have faced the delicate situation we have had to live, not only in the presence of armed conflict in our territories, but also socially.

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Current Issues

We can mention some of the problems currently facing the Pueblo Wayuu, it should be noted that in particular we refer to the problems we face in the community of the Cabildo Wayuu Nouna Camp located at the periphery of the Municipality of Maicao in the Media Guajira, as well as other communities with which we have done some joint work processes, however, also make some generalizations that occur throughout Wayúu.

paramilitary groups have come to exercise control and dominion over almost all economic activities - legal and illegal in the region - relegating the Wayuu to less productive activities.
massive forced displacement of Wayuu communities located on strategic areas caused by the action of paramilitary groups. Crating and confinement
Wayuu communities, which prevents them from paramilitary groups freedom of movement. Cabildo Wayuu Nouna
As Camp, we are located outside the boundaries of the reservation of the Middle and Upper Guajira, which implies that legal certainty on the land we occupy and possess non-existent. Presence of megaprojects
gas (pipeline Venezuela), hydrocarbons (exploration along the Caribbean coast), energy (wind farm Jepirrachi) etnoturísticos (construction of infrastructure in the Cabo de la Vela). Location
bases and paramilitary troops along the border with Venezuela.
Violation and disrespect by the armed actors (legal and illegal) of autonomy and their own authorities Wayuu communities.
systematic threats against leaders and women leaders of the Wayuu people by paramilitary groups. Presence
Wayúu refugee families in Venezuela fleeing paramilitary violence. Weakening
own legal system Wayúu due to interference of the armed conflict.
By being outside the boundaries of the reservation of the Middle and Upper Guajira, do not have the ability to independently manage their own financial resources, since we are not covered by the General System of Units.
Because we are a community located near the city limits of Maicao, develop productive activities in rural areas every day lose more weight and prestige among the trades and the work of urban character, which are derived mainly where our revenues money.
present a wide geographic mobility across the international border between Colombia and Venezuela, which is thus turned into a real fluid border that is transferred from one place to another according to the trade and economic fluctuations of the two countries. While
within our community we have our traditional authorities identified, in many cases they fall short when it comes to building and maintaining internal governance. On the other hand, the absence of an organized community standing, makes the dialogue with the institutions of mainstream society is cyclical and spasmodic.
In general terms communities show a rapidly growing insecurity and socio-economic impoverishment. This results in the presence in these communities about high rates of unmet basic needs.
The younger generations of this community show a very marked trend in migration that takes them to settle, most definitely, in various cities of Colombia and Venezuela. This migration brings with it the community is being formed mainly by older people that often fall under the responsibility of children, children of migrant parents.
Although the traditions and address more fundamental nationalitarian Wayúu are still showing in the community, it is noted that families living have problems resulting from the loss of identity, rootlessness and cultural decay.
community have been adversely affected by the presence of paramilitary groups who, among other things, have come to permeate the codes of ethics and honor thus perverting the intraethnic conflicts and wars that have historically characterized the Wayuu.